The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net early on.
However, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.